John+Hay+and+the+Open+Door+Policy

__** John Hay and the Open Door Policy **__

John Hay was a well educated man during his lifetime, and served in many diplomatic events in America and France. Later, however, in the era of the Spanish War, Hay was appointed as the Secretary of State in the Hayes administration.
 * __Who was John Hay?__ **
 * __Open Door Policy__**


 * __ORIGINS__**

The open door policy began in the era of in which America gained much land from the Spanish American War, and were gaining much power and land from the war they had just won. Therefore, to expand even more influence worldwide, after the Americans gained the Philippines which were close to China, the Americans wished to gain an influential domain of commerce within China. Thus, to try and protect the American interests in China, and to prevent war,President McKinley first thought of a statement in September 1898 saying that the USA wanted to access the Chinese markets, with no real special advantage.


 * __OPEN DOOR POLICY__**

The Open Door Policy was then introduced by John Hay, to hopefully give the American powers more influence within the trading spheres in the Eastern hemisphere. Many other nations have already had advantages within the Eastern Hemisphere, since they had there own spheres of trading influence all throughout the continents. Hay had proposed to all nations that each nation would have been given equal trading rights in all parts of China and for the recognition of Chinese territorial integrity. Therefore, if this policy was followed by all nation, every nation would have been given equal powers, and minimize the power of those nations with pre-existing powers within their own spheres of influences. Also, this power would not carve up the Chinese empire to be separately influences and controlled by different European powers. England, Germany, France, and Italy all showed no opposition, however, Japan and Russia voiced their discontent, but was not heard.




 * __OPEN DOOR NOTES (3 Principals)__**
 * 1) Each nation with a sphere of influence in China was to respect the rights and privileges of the other nations in its sphere
 * 2) Chinese officials were to continue to collect tariff duties in all sphere ( The existing tariff favored the United States)
 * 3) The nations were not to discriminate against other nations in levying port dues and railroad rates within their own spheres

Eventually, Japan and all the Europeans followed and accepted the Open Door Policy in diplomatic relations. Only Russia rejected this offer from the USA. Hay thus announced that all powers had accepted this Open Door Policy as the "final and definitive" form, but could not stop any nation that unwanted to follow this policy, unless they risked going to war. Soon, even before the diplomatic maneuvering over the Open Door ended, the Boxers, a secret Chinese martial-arts society launched a revolt against the foreigners that entered China in the Boxers Rebellion.
 * __Results__**

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 * __BETTER EXPLANATIONS AND LINKS__**

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The open-door policy in business is related back to the Open Door Policy of China. This policy in the business terms allows any and all employers to seek their boss or supervisor for assistance any time. Therefore, all the employees are given equal opportunities to seek help from their higher people. Thus, "open-door" policy was adopted as the name, since the original policy was used to gain equal stands for all nations in the spheres of influence in China.
 * __PRESENT-DAY RELATIONS__**