CH.+26+Vocab+and+AP+PARTS

CH. 26 Vocab + AP PARTS

· The 3 R’s: Relief for people out of work, Recovery for businesses and the economy, and Reform of American economic issues

· Brain Trust: group of university professors that would help FDR on economic matters including Rexford Tugwell, Raymone Moley, and Adolph Berle

· Bank Holiday: March 6, 1933 all banks were closed for 3 days to restore banks across the country

· Repeal of Prohibition: legalized the sale of beer and wine, later the ratification of the 18th amendment would bring prohibition to a complete end

· Fireside chats: first radio broadcast of FDR on March 12, 1933, assured listeners that the banks which reopened after the bank holiday would now be safe

· Emergency banking relief: authorized the government top examine the finances of banks closed on the bank holiday and judge them ok to reopen

· Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC): guaranteed bank deposits up to $5,000

· The Home Owners Loan Corp. (HOLC): provided refinancing of homes to prevent foreclosure

· Farm Credit Administration: provided low interest farm loans and mortgages to farmers

· Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA): offered grants to states and local governments that operated soup kitchens and other help for the jobless and homeless

· Public Works Administration (PWA): gave money to state and local governments for construction work

· Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC): employed young men on projects on federal lands and paid their families small monthly sums

· Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA): hired thousands of people in the Tennessee valley to build dams, operate electric power plants, control flooding and erosion, and manufacture fertilizer

· National Recovery Administration (NRA): attempted to guarantee reasonable profits for business and fair wages and hours for labor

· Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA); encouraged farmers to reduce production by offering to pay government subsidies for every acre they plowed under

· <span style="font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Civil Works Administration (CWA): hired laborers for temporary construction projects sponsored by the federal government

· <span style="font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC): regulates stock market to place strict limits on speculative practices

· <span style="font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Federal Housing Administration (FHA): insured bank loans for building new houses and repairing old ones

· <span style="font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Gold Standard: set the value of the dollar at the time at $35 per ounce of gold

· <span style="font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Works Progress Administration(WPA): would spend billions of dollars between 1935-1940 to provide people with jobs

· <span style="font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Resettlement Administration(RA): provided loans to sharecroppers, tenants, and small farmers

· <span style="font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">National Labor Relations(Wagner Act): replaced the labor provisions of the NIRA and guaranteed a workers right to join a union and a unions right to bargain collectively

· <span style="font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Congress of Industrial Organizations(CIO): expanded the constituency of the labor movement

· <span style="font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Rural Electrification Administration(REA): Provided loans for electrical cooperatives to supply power to rural areas

· <span style="font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Federal Taxes: Revenue act of 1935 significantly increased taxes on the wealthy income

· <span style="font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">The Social Security Act: created a federal insurance program based upon the automatic collection of taxes from employees and employers throughout people’s working careers. It is also used for monthly payments to retired persons over 65

· <span style="font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">Demagogues: <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Verdana','sans-serif'; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">A leader who gains power by means of impassioned appeals to the emotions and prejudices of the people

__ Social Security: __ Author: Franklin D. Roosevelt Place and Time: 1935, Washington DC Prior Knowledge: prior to reading about social security I knew it was insurance for the elderly over 60 years old Audience: People who are disabled, unemployed, dependent children, or over the age of 65 Reason: this program was created to proved a form of relief by making monthly payments to                retired people over the age of 65, those who had lost their jobs, and those who were disabled or dependent on their family by the automatic collection of taxes from employees and employers Main Idea: this document was meant to proved relief for thousands of Americans

__ Demagogue speeches: __ Author: Dr. Francis E. Townsend Place and Time: around 1934 Prior Knowledge: prior to reading about demagogues I knew nothing Audience: mass audiences or the American people Reason: Most demagogues believed they were ending “evil conspiracies” Main Idea: Townsend proposed that a 2% federal sales tax be used for every retired person over 60 to receive up to $200 a month Significance: This idea would help FDR in his new plan also known as Social Security

Author: Huey Long Place and Time: 1935 Prior Knowledge: prior to reading about demagogues I knew nothing Audience: mass audiences or the American people Reason: Most demagogues believed they were ending “evil conspiracies” Main Idea: Long proposed a “share our wealth” program which promised a minimum annual income of $5000 for every American family by taxing the wealthy Significance: This proposal would challenge FDR’s leadership in the democratic party when Long ran for president but would later be killed

Chapter 26 -Franklin D. Roosevelt]